Putting together a Smith and Hawken self watering system is a straightforward DIY project that transforms ordinary planters into efficient sub-irrigation containers. This guide walks you through the assembly process step by step, ensuring your plants get consistent moisture with minimal effort. Whether you’re a first-time user or need a refresher, you’ll learn exactly how to connect the reservoir, wicking system, and planter box for optimal performance.
Simply put, assembling the Smith and Hawken self-watering system involves connecting the water reservoir to the planter box, installing the overflow tube, layering the wicking fabric, and adding soil and plants. Once set up, it automatically draws water from the bottom to the roots, reducing watering frequency by up to 50%.
Key Takeaways
- Smith and Hawken self-watering system uses capillary action to keep plants hydrated from below.
- Proper assembly of the reservoir, wick, and overflow tube is critical for consistent performance.
- Setting up the system usually takes 30–45 minutes with basic tools.
- Using a quality potting mix and avoiding soil compaction prevents clogging.
- Regularly checking the water level indicator ensures your system never runs dry.
What You Need to Assemble the Smith and Hawken Self-Watering System
Before you start, gather all parts and tools. The Smith and Hawken self-watering system typically comes as a kit with a planter box, water reservoir, overflow tube, wicking fabric, soil barrier, and water level indicator. Some models include brackets or connectors for larger configurations.
You’ll also need a few basic household items. The right supplies prevent frustration and ensure a leak-free setup.
| Category | Item | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Kit components | Planter box, reservoir, overflow tube, wicking fabric, soil barrier, water level indicator | Core parts of the self-watering system |
| Tools | Flathead screwdriver, utility knife, measuring tape | Assisting with assembly and adjustments |
| Soil and plants | High-quality potting mix, plants of your choice | Growing medium and greenery for the planter |
| Optional | Drill with ¼-inch bit, silicone sealant, level | For custom modifications or sealing connections |
The table above covers the essentials. For most kits, you won’t need power tools. The system uses a simple sub-irrigation design that relies on gravity and capillary action.
Step 1: Unbox and Inspect All Parts
Open the Smith and Hawken self-watering system kit and lay out every piece on a flat surface. Check each component against the instruction manual to make sure nothing is missing. Common parts include:
- Outer planter box (decorative container)
- Inner planter box with drainage slots
- Water reservoir (base with a fill tube)
- Overflow tube (clear plastic with a cap)
- Wicking fabric (felt-like material)
- Soil barrier mesh or perforated disc
- Water level indicator (floating marker)
Inspect the reservoir for any cracks or defects. Even minor damage can cause leaks later. According to a 2022 Home Gardener survey, over 30% of assembly issues stem from damaged components during shipping.
If you see any flaws, contact customer support before proceeding.
Warning: Never force pieces together. If something doesn’t fit, double-check the orientation. Forcing parts can break the plastic tabs or seals.
Take a moment to organize small parts like screws and rubber gaskets. Losing these can delay the assembly. Place them in a small dish or on a towel to keep them visible.
Step 2: Assemble the Planter Box
Start with the outer planter box and the inner planter box. In most Smith and Hawken models, the inner box sits inside the outer one, supported by a rim. Place the inner box into the outer box and press down gently until it clicks or rests evenly.
Next, locate the fill tube – a vertical plastic pipe that goes from the top of the planter down into the reservoir. Insert it through the designated hole in the inner box and push it until it sits flush. This tube allows you to add water directly to the reservoir without disturbing the soil.
The water level indicator usually fits into a small slot on the inner box. Slide it in so the float rests inside the reservoir. The indicator shows when the reservoir is full and when it needs refilling.
- Align the inner planter box so all drainage slots face downward.
- Snap the fill tube into place; you should hear a soft click.
- Insert the water level indicator gently – don’t force it.
- Check that the inner box sits level; use a bubble level if needed.
If your kit includes brackets or connectors for linking multiple planters, attach them now. The connectors typically slide into slots on the outer boxes.
Step 3: Install the Water Reservoir and Overflow Tube
The water reservoir is the foundation of the Smith and Hawken self-watering system. It sits at the bottom of the outer planter box and holds the water that will be wicked upward. Remove the reservoir from the kit and place it inside the outer box.
Most reservoirs have a raised lip that fits snugly against the inner walls.
Now install the overflow tube. This clear plastic tube prevents the reservoir from overfilling. Insert it into the designated hole on the side of the reservoir (or through the inner planter, depending on the model).
The tube should angle slightly downward, allowing excess water to drain out of a small hole near the top. Secure it with the provided rubber grommet or screw.
Cut the overflow tube to the correct height using a utility knife if it’s too long. The top of the tube should be about 0.5 inches below the top edge of the outer planter. This ensures that when the reservoir is full, water spills out through the tube instead of flooding the soil.
| Component | Function | Installation Tip |
|---|---|---|
| Reservoir | Holds water for sub-irrigation | Press down firmly until seated flush |
| Overflow tube | Prevents overfilling and controls water level | Cut at a 45-degree angle for better drainage |
| Fill tube | Allows refilling reservoir from above | Ensure it connects directly to reservoir opening |
Double-check that all tubes are securely attached. Loose connections can cause water to leak into the soil instead of staying in the reservoir. The system relies on a sealed reservoir to wick water properly.
Tip: For outdoor planters, apply a small amount of silicone sealant around the overflow tube’s entry point to make it weatherproof. This prevents rainwater from entering the reservoir directly.
Step 4: Add the Wicking System and Soil Barrier
The wicking system is what makes the Smith and Hawken self-watering system work. It uses capillary action to draw water from the reservoir up into the soil. Without proper wicking, the soil above can stay dry while water sits unused below.
Take the wicking fabric and lay it over the reservoir. The fabric should cover the entire top surface of the reservoir, including the fill tube opening. Some models have a pre-cut wicking mat; others require you to cut it to size.
If you need to cut, leave about 2 inches of extra fabric on each side so it can drape over the edge of the reservoir.
Now place the soil barrier on top of the wicking fabric. This is usually a mesh disc or perforated plastic sheet. It prevents soil from falling into the reservoir while allowing water vapor to pass through.
Align the barrier with the inner planter’s drainage slots.
- Wicking fabric: Creates a continuous path for water to rise.
- Soil barrier: Blocks soil particles from clogging the reservoir.
- Overlap: Ensure fabric extends at least 1 inch up the sides of the inner planter for complete wicking.
- Thickness: If your kit includes multiple layers, stack them for better moisture transfer.
Press the barrier down gently so it sits flush with the top of the reservoir. Make sure the fill tube and overflow tube remain unobstructed. You should be able to see the water level indicator floating freely above the barrier.
Step 5: Fill with Potting Mix and Plants
Use a high-quality potting mix designed for containers. Garden soil compacts too much and can clog the wicking system. Fill the inner planter box with potting mix up to about halfway.
Gently tap the sides to settle the mix.
Place your plants in the soil, arranging them as desired. For best results with a Smith and Hawken self-watering system, choose plants that prefer even moisture – such as ferns, petunias, or vegetables like lettuce. Avoid succulents that need dry conditions between waterings.
Continue filling the planter with potting mix until it reaches 1–2 inches below the rim. Do not pack the soil down tightly. Lightly water the soil from above using a watering can – this initial watering helps settle the mix and activates the wicking.
The excess water will drain into the reservoir through the fill tube, priming the system.
Important: Do not block the fill tube with soil. Keep the tube’s opening visible at the surface so you can easily add water later. If soil falls into the tube, use a pencil to clear it.
For added nutrients, mix a slow-release fertilizer into the potting mix. The self-watering system will dissolve the fertilizer gradually and deliver it to the roots.
Step 6: Fill the Reservoir and Test the System
After planting, it’s time to fill the water reservoir. Using a watering can or hose, pour water directly into the fill tube. Watch the water level indicator rise – it should float upward as the reservoir fills.
Stop when the indicator reaches the “Full” mark, or when water begins to flow out of the overflow tube.
Check that no water is leaking from the bottom or sides of the planter. If you see leaks, identify the source. Common causes are:
- Loose overflow tube connection – tighten the grommet or re-seat the tube.
- Crack in the reservoir – replace the part.
- Improperly seated inner planter – remove and reinstall.
Let the system sit for 15–20 minutes. Then feel the top layer of soil. It should be moist but not soggy.
If the soil is still dry, the wicking fabric may not be making full contact with the soil. In that case, gently press down on the soil to improve contact.
- Test wicking: After 24 hours, check soil moisture at different depths.
- Adjust overflow tube height: If the soil stays too wet, raise the tube slightly to lower the reservoir water level.
- Monitor indicator: In the first week, check the water level every three days.
According to the University of Florida Extension, sub-irrigation systems like this one can reduce water usage by 50–80% compared to overhead watering. The consistent moisture also promotes healthier root growth and fewer fungal issues.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Setting Up Your Self-Watering Planter
Even experienced gardeners make errors during assembly. Avoid these pitfalls to ensure your Smith and Hawken self-watering system runs smoothly:
| Mistake | Consequence | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Using garden soil | Clogs wicking fabric and reduces water flow | Always use lightweight potting mix |
| Forgetting the overflow tube | Reservoir overfills, drowning roots | Install tube before adding soil |
| Blocking the fill tube | Cannot refill reservoir without disturbing soil | Keep tube clear and visible at soil surface |
| Overcompacting soil | Prevents wicking and root growth | Fill loosely and water gently to settle |
| Skipping the initial top-watering | Wicking may not start; soil stays dry | Always water from above once after planting |
Also, remember to clean the reservoir at least once a year to prevent algae buildup. A diluted bleach solution (1 part bleach to 10 parts water) can be used, but rinse thoroughly before reassembling.
Tip: Label the fill tube with a small flag or marker so family members know where to add water. This avoids accidental overwatering of the soil.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should I fill the reservoir of my Smith and Hawken self-watering system?
It depends on plant type, weather, and pot size. Check the water level indicator weekly. Generally, a full reservoir lasts 5–14 days for a medium-sized planter.
In hot weather, refill more frequently.
Can I use the Smith and Hawken self-watering system for vegetables?
Yes, the system works well for many vegetables, including tomatoes, peppers, and leafy greens. The consistent moisture helps prevent blossom end rot. Use a potting mix suitable for edibles and apply a balanced fertilizer.
What if the wicking fabric gets clogged?
Over time, minerals and fine particles can clog the fabric. Remove the soil, lift the barrier, and rinse the fabric with water. Replace it every 2–3 years or when wicking slows down.
Using a high-quality potting mix reduces clogging.
Why is my water level indicator not floating?
The indicator may be stuck on the bottom or caught on the overflow tube. Remove it and check that it moves freely. Ensure the reservoir has enough water – if it’s empty, the indicator will rest at the bottom.
Can I connect multiple Smith and Hawken planters together?
Some models come with connectors that link planters so they share a common reservoir. Check your kit for bridge connectors. If not included, you can create a DIY connection using flexible tubing and a small pump, but that voids the warranty.
Final Thoughts
Assembling a Smith and Hawken self-watering system is a simple home improvement project that pays off with healthier plants and less watering work. By following the step-by-step process – from unboxing to filling the reservoir – you ensure the wicking system works correctly from day one. Regular monitoring and a few basic maintenance steps will keep your planter performing for years.
Enjoy the convenience and watch your garden thrive.
